Republic of Both Nations

The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, also referred to as Poland–Lithuania or the First Polish Republic, was a federative real union between the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, existing from 1569 to 1795. This state was among the largest, most populated countries of 16th- to 18th-century Europe. At its peak in the early 17th century, the Commonwealth spanned approximately 1,000,000 km² (390,000 sq mi) and supported a multi-ethnic population of around 12 million as of 1618. The official languages of the Commonwealth were Polish and Latin, with Catholicism as the state religion.

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1569 — 1795  Wikimedia, Wikidata

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1569-06-21T00:00:00Z

1795-10-24T00:00:00Z

1569 — 1795 Republic of Both Nations

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Frameless

A map of Europe c. 1761

Wyjazd na polowanie z sokolem

AGAD Uniwersał połaniecki - druk

Map of the provinces (voivodeships) of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth

Brockhaus and Efron Jewish Encyclopedia e5 191-1

Brockhaus and Efron Jewish Encyclopedia e5 199-0

Brockhaus and Efron Jewish Encyclopedia e5 191-2

Brockhaus and Efron Jewish Encyclopedia e5 198-0

Seal of Ivan Dmitrievich Shuisky Sponges

Dzhigit mini

• Distance toward Foreigners in the Polish Public Discourse of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth - scholarly article, 2018
• Vigilante violence vs. freedom of choice in marriage: the Foray/Zajazdin the Polish-Lithuanian commonwealth of the 18th century - journal article, Q1860, 2013, online
• Vigilante violence vs. freedom of choice in marriage: the Foray/Zajazdin the Polish-Lithuanian commonwealth of the 18th century - journal article, Q1860, 2013, online
• Vigilante violence vs. freedom of choice in marriage: the Foray/Zajazdin the Polish-Lithuanian commonwealth of the 18th century - journal article, Q1860, 2013, online
• Vigilante violence vs. freedom of choice in marriage: the Foray/Zajazdin the Polish-Lithuanian commonwealth of the 18th century - journal article, Q1860, 2013, online
• Unintended Affinities -

Type	Subtype	Date	Description	Notes	Source
event	armed conflict	1577	Livonian campaign of Stephen Báthory	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Tsardom of Russia, military campaign	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1577	Battle of Lubieszów	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1578	Battles of Wenden	Sweden, battle, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Tsardom of Russia	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1579	Siege of Polotsk	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, siege, Tsardom of Russia	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1580	Siege of Velikiye Luki	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Tsardom of Russia, siege	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1580	Battle of Toropets	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle, Tsardom of Russia	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1580	Battle of Zavolotchia	battle, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Tsardom of Russia	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1581	Unknown	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Tsardom of Russia, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1581	Battle of Shklov	battle, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Tsardom of Russia	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1581	Battle of Mogilev (1581)	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle, Tsardom of Russia	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1581	Siege of Pskov	battle, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Tsardom of Russia, siege	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1587	Battle of Korzkwią	battle, Habsburg monarchy, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1587	Siege of Kraków	Habsburg monarchy, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle, siege	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1587	Siege of Olsztyn	Habsburg monarchy, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, siege	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1588	Battle of Byczyna	Habsburg monarchy, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1589	Unknown	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, rebellion	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1593	Battle of Piatka	battle, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Zaporozhian Cossacks	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1595	Battle of Cecora	Ottoman Empire, Crimean Khanate, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1598	Battle of Stegeborg	Sweden, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1600	Battle of Bucov	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle, Principality of Moldavia	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1600	Battle of Karksi	Sweden, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1601	Battle of Wenden	Sweden, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1601	Battle of Kokenhausen	Sweden, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1601	Siege of Wolmar	Sweden, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, siege	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1602	Siege of Fellin	Sweden, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, siege	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1602	Siege of Weissenstein	Sweden, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, siege	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1602	Battle of Reval	Sweden, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1603	Battle of Rakvere	battle, Sweden, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1604	Battle of Weissenstein	Sweden, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1605	Battle of Kircholm	Sweden, Duchy of Courland and Semigallia, battle, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1606	Battle of Udycz	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle, Little Tartary	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1608	Capture of Daugavgrīva	Sweden, battle, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1609	Siege of Pärnu	Sweden, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle, siege	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1609	Battle of Salis	Sweden, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1609	Battle of Kalyazin	battle, Sweden, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Tsardom of Russia	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1609	Siege of Smolensk	Sweden, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Tsardom of Russia, siege, Zaporozhian Cossacks	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1609	Battle of Daugavgriva	Sweden, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1610	Unknown	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Tsardom of Russia, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1610	Battle of Tsarowy Zajmiszcz	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Tsardom of Russia, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1610	Battle of Klushino	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle, Tsardom of Russia	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1612	Siege of Kursk	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Tsardom of Russia, siege, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1612	Battle of Moscow	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle, Tsardom of Russia	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1612	Battle of Mezyrowem	Crimean Khanate, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1612	Siege of Volokolamsk	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle, siege, Tsardom of Russia	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1617	Unknown	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, siege, Tsardom of Russia	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1617	Unknown	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, siege, Tsardom of Russia	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1618	Siege of Moscow (1618)	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle, Tsardom of Russia, siege	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1618	Battle of Orynin	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Crimean Khanate, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1620	Battle of Cecora	Ottoman Empire, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Crimean Khanate, battle, Principality of Wallachia, Principality of Moldavia	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1621	Siege of Riga	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, siege, Swedish Empire	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1621	Battle of Khotyn	Ottoman Empire, Crimean Khanate, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle, Zaporozhian Cossacks, Principality of Wallachia, Principality of Moldavia	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1621	Battle of Kroppenhof	Sweden, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1624	Battle of Shmankivtsi	Ottoman Empire, battle, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1624	Battle of Martynów	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Crimean Khanate, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1626	Battle of Wallhof	Sweden, battle, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1626	Battle of Gniew	Sweden, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1626	Battle of Bila Tserkva (1626)	Crimean Khanate, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Zaporozhian Cossacks, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1626	Battle of Wenden	battle, Sweden, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1627	Battle of Czarne	Sweden, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1627	Naval Battle near Hel	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Kingdom of Denmark, naval battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1627	Battle of Dirschau	Sweden, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1627	Battle of Oliwa	Sweden, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, naval battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1628	Battle of Treiden	Sweden, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1628	Battle of Ostróda	Sweden, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1629	Battle of Górzno	Sweden, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1629	Battle of Trzciana	Sweden, Holy Roman Empire, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1632	Siege of Dorogobuzh	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Tsardom of Russia, siege	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1632	Siege of Smolensk	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Tsardom of Russia, siege	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1633	Unknown	battle, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Tsardom of Russia	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1633	Battle of Sasowym Rogiem	Ottoman Empire, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle, Little Tartary	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1633	Battle of Smoleńskiem	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Tsardom of Russia, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1633	Battle of Paniowce	Ottoman Empire, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Little Tartary, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1634	Siege of Belaya	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Tsardom of Russia, siege	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1637	Battle of Kumeyki	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle, Zaporozhian Cossacks	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1638	Ostryanyn uprising	rebellion, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Zaporozhian Cossacks	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1638	Battle of Govtva	battle, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Zaporozhian Cossacks	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1638	Battle of Żownin	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle, Zaporozhian Cossacks	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1644	Battle of Ochmatów	battle, Crimean Khanate, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1648	Oblężenie Zamościa (1648)	Crimean Khanate, battle, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Zaporozhian Cossacks	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1648	Battle of Zhovti Vody	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle, Crimean Khanate, Zaporozhian Cossacks	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1648	Unknown	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, siege, Zaporozhian Cossacks	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1648	Battle of Korsuń	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle, Crimean Khanate, Zaporozhian Cossacks	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1648	Battle of Starokostiantyniv	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle, Zaporozhian Cossacks	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1648	Battle of Pohost	battle, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Zaporozhian Cossacks	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1648	Battle of Pyliavtsi	Crimean Khanate, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle, Zaporozhian Cossacks	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1648	Siege of Lvov	Crimean Khanate, rebellion, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, siege, Zaporozhian Cossacks	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1649	Battle of Mazyr	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle, Zaporozhian Cossacks	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1649	Battle of Zahal	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle, Zaporozhian Cossacks	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1649	Siege of Zbarazh	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Crimean Khanate, battle, siege, Zaporozhian Cossacks	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1649	Battle of Loyew	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle, Zaporozhian Cossacks	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1649	Battle of Zboriv	Crimean Khanate, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle, Zaporozhian Cossacks	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1651	Battle of Krasne	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle, Zaporozhian Cossacks	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1651	Battle of Kopychyntsi	Crimean Khanate, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle, Zaporozhian Cossacks	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1651	Battle of Berestechko	battle, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Crimean Khanate, Zaporozhian Cossacks	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1651	Battle of Loyew	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle, Zaporozhian Cossacks	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1651	Capture of Kyiv (1651)	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, siege, Cossack Hetmanate	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1651	Battle of Bila Tserkva	battle, Crimean Khanate, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Cossack Hetmanate	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1652	Battle of Batih	battle, Crimean Khanate, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Zaporozhian Cossacks	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1653	Battle of Monastyryshche	battle, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Cossack Hetmanate	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1653	Siege of Suczawa	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, siege, Principality of Wallachia, Zaporozhian Cossacks, Principality of Moldavia	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1653	Battle of Zhvanets	battle, Crimean Khanate, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Zaporozhian Cossacks	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1654	Siege of Mstislav	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Tsardom of Russia, siege	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1654	Battle of Nowa Woda	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle, Tsardom of Russia	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1654	Battle of Shklow	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle, Tsardom of Russia	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1654	Battle of Shepeleviche	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle, Tsardom of Russia	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1655	Battle of Okhmativ	battle, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Tsardom of Russia, Crimean Khanate, Cossack Hetmanate	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1655	Battle of Ujście	Sweden, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1655	Battle of Vilnius	battle, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Tsardom of Russia, Zaporozhian Cossacks	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1655	Battle of Sobota	Sweden, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1655	Battle of Żarnów	Sweden, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1655	Battle of Nowy Dwór Mazowiecki	Sweden, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1655	Siege of Kraków	Sweden, battle, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, siege	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1655	Siege of Lviv	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Tsardom of Russia, siege, Cossack Hetmanate	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1655	Battle of Horodok	Crimean Khanate, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle, Tsardom of Russia, Zaporozhian Cossacks	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1655	Battle of Wojnicz	battle, Sweden, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1655	Battle of Kościanem (1655)	Sweden, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1655	Battle of Ozerna	battle, Crimean Khanate, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Tsardom of Russia, Cossack Hetmanate	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1655	Siege of Jasna Góra	siege, Sweden, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1655	Battle of Krosno	Sweden, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1656	Battle of Gołąb	Sweden, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1656	Siege of Zamość	Sweden, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, siege	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1656	Battle of Jarosław	Sweden, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1656	Battle of Nisko	Sweden, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1656	Unknown	Sweden, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1656	Battle of Kozienice	Sweden, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1656	Battle of Warka	Sweden, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1656	Siege of Warsaw	Sweden, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle, siege	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1656	Battle of Kłecko	Sweden, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1656	Battle of Kcynia	Sweden, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1656	Battle of Tykocin	Sweden, Brandenburg-Prussia, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1656	Battle of Warsaw	Sweden, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Brandenburg-Prussia, Crimean Khanate, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1656	Battle of Łowicz	Sweden, Crimean Khanate, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1656	Battle of Lubrze	Sweden, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1656	Battle of Prostken	Sweden, Brandenburg-Prussia, Crimean Khanate, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1656	Battle of Filipów	Sweden, Brandenburg-Prussia, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1656	Battle of Chojnice	Sweden, battle, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1657	Capture of Warsaw (1657)	Sweden, battle, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Zaporozhian Cossacks, Principality of Transylvania	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1657	Siege of Kraków	Sweden, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle, siege	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1657	Battle of Magierów	Crimean Khanate, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Principality of Wallachia, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1657	Battle of Czarny Ostrów	Crimean Khanate, Transylvania, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Zaporozhian Cossacks, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1658	Siege of Toruń	Sweden, Holy Roman Empire, battle, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, siege	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1658	Battle of Werki	battle, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Tsardom of Russia	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1658	Siege of Kaunas	siege, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Tsardom of Russia	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1658	Battle of Kolding	Sweden, Denmark, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1659	Battle of Myadel	battle, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Tsardom of Russia	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1659	Battle of Konotop	Tsardom of Russia, battle, Cossack Hetmanate, Ivan Vyhovskyi, Ivan Bezpaly, Aleksey Trubetskoy, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Crimean Khanate	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1660	Siege of Lyakhavichy	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle, Tsardom of Russia, siege	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1660	Battle of Polonka	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle, Tsardom of Russia	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1660	Unknown	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle, Tsardom of Russia	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1660	Осада Могилёва (1660)	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle, Tsardom of Russia	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1660	Battle of Lyubar	battle, Crimean Khanate, Tsardom of Russia, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1660	Battle of Basya	battle, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Tsardom of Russia	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1660	Battle of Kutyszczami	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle, Tsardom of Russia, Vasily Borisovich Sheremetev	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1660	Battle of Chudnov	Crimean Khanate, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle, Tsardom of Russia	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1660	Battle of Slobodyshche	battle, Crimean Khanate, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Cossack Hetmanate	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1661	Mogilev uprising (1661)	rebellion, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Tsardom of Russia	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1661	Battle of Kushliki	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle, Tsardom of Russia	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1664	Battle of Stavishche	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Crimean Khanate, Zaporozhian Cossacks, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1664	Siege of Hlukhiv	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle, Crimean Khanate, siege, Tsardom of Russia, Zaporozhian Cossacks	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1664	Battle of Vitebsk (1664)	battle, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Tsardom of Russia	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1666	Battle of Ścianą	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Crimean Khanate, battle, Zaporozhian Cossacks	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1667	Battle of Podhajce	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Crimean Khanate, battle, Zaporozhian Cossacks	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1670	Battle of Nowym Targiem	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1671	Battle of Bracław	battle, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Crimean Khanate, Zaporozhian Cossacks	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1671	Battle of Kalnik	battle, Crimean Khanate, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Zaporozhian Cossacks	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1672	Siege of Lviv	Ottoman Empire, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle, Zaporozhian Cossacks	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1672	Battle of Ładyżyn	battle, Ottoman Empire, Crimean Khanate, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Zaporozhian Cossacks	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1672	Siege of Kamenets	Ottoman Empire, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, siege	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1672	Battle of Krasnobród	Ottoman Empire, Crimean Khanate, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Zaporozhian Cossacks, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1672	Jan Sobieski's expedition against the Tatar chambuls	Crimean Khanate, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, military campaign	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1672	Battle of Niemirów	Ottoman Empire, Crimean Khanate, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1672	Battle of Komarno	battle, Ottoman Empire, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Crimean Khanate	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1672	Battle of Kalush	Ottoman Empire, Crimean Khanate, battle, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1673	Battle of Khotyn	battle, Ottoman Empire, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Principality of Wallachia	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1674	Unknown	Ottoman Empire, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, siege	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1675	Battle of Lwów	battle, Ottoman Empire, Crimean Khanate, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1675	Battle of Trembowla	Ottoman Empire, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1676	Battle of Voinyliv	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Crimean Khanate, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1676	Battle of Żurawno	Ottoman Empire, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle, Crimean Khanate	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1683	Kunicki's expedition on the Right-bank and Moldavia	Ottoman Empire, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, military campaign	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1683	Battle of Vienna	Holy Roman Empire, Ottoman Empire, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle, Principality of Wallachia, relief	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1683	Battle of Párkány	Holy Roman Empire, Ottoman Empire, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1683	Unknown	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Crimean Khanate, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1684	Unknown	Ottoman Empire, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1685	Battle of Boiany	Ottoman Empire, battle, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1688	Unknown	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Crimean Khanate, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1691	Battle of Pererîta	battle, Ottoman Empire, Crimean Khanate, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1694	Battle of Hodów	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Crimean Khanate, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1694	Battle of Ustechko	Ottoman Empire, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Crimean Khanate, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1695	Battle of Lwów (1695)	Crimean Khanate, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1698	Battle of Podhajce	Ottoman Empire, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1699	Battle of Martynów (1699)	Ottoman Empire, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1702	Battle of Vilnius	Sweden, battle, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1702	Battle of Klissow	Sweden, Electorate of Saxony, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1702	Unknown	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, siege, Zaporozhian Cossacks	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1705	Battle of Warsaw	Sweden, Electorate of Saxony, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1734	Battle of Wyszecinem	Russian Empire, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1792	Battle of Opsa	Russian Empire, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1792	Battle of Stołpcami	Russian Empire, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1792	Battle of Mir	Russian Empire, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1792	Battle of Boruszkowce	Russian Empire, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1792	Battle of Zieleńce	Russian Empire, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1792	Battle of Zelva	Russian Empire, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1792	Battle of Wojszki	Russian Empire, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1792	Battle of Dubienka	battle, Russian Empire, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1792	Battle of Brest (1792)	Russian Empire, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1792	Battle of Krzemień	Russian Empire, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1792	Battle of Markuszów	Russian Empire, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1793	Obrona ratusza w Kargowej	Kingdom of Prussia, battle, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1794	Battle of Nemenčinė	Russian Empire, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1794	Battle of Polanami	Russian Empire, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1794	Battle of Sołami	Russian Empire, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle	Wikidata
event	armed conflict	1794	Battle of Saločiai (1794)	Russian Empire, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, battle	Wikidata
event	war		Polish–Ottoman Wars	Ottoman Empire, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, series of wars	Wikidata
event	war	1366	Ottoman–Hungarian Wars	Ottoman Empire, Kingdom of Hungary, Wallachia, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Croatia in personal union with Hungary, Serbian Despotate, series of wars, Principality of Moldavia	Wikidata
event	war	1526	Ottoman–Habsburg Wars	House of Habsburg, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Wallachia, Tsardom of Russia, Cossack Hetmanate, Principality of Transylvania, series of wars, Hospitaller Malta, Principality of Moldavia, Duchy of Mantua, Republic of Venice, Ottoman Empire, Spanish Empire, Holy Roman Empire	Wikidata
event	war	1558	Livonian War	war, Grand Duchy of Lithuania, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Tsardom of Russia	Wikidata
event	war	1593	Polish-Ottoman War of 1593-1595	war, Ottoman Empire, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Wikidata
event	war	1600	Polish–Swedish War of 1600–11	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, war, history of Sweden (1523–1611)	Wikidata
event	war	1605	Polish–Muscovite War	war, Sweden, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Tsardom of Russia, Swedish Empire, military intervention, Zaporozhian Cossacks	Wikidata
event	war	1617	Polish–Swedish War of 1617-18	Sweden, war, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Wikidata
event	war	1620	Polish–Ottoman War of 1620–1621	war, Ottoman Empire, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Wikidata
event	war	1621	Polish–Swedish War of 1621–25	Sweden, war, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Wikidata
event	war	1626	Polish–Swedish War of 1626–1629	war, Holy Roman Empire, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Swedish Empire	Wikidata
event	war	1632	Smolensk War	war, Władysław IV Vasa, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Tsardom of Russia, Mikhail Shein, Krzysztof Radziwiłł, Marcin Kazanowski, Aleksander Korwin Gosiewski	Wikidata
event	war	1633	Polish–Ottoman War of 1633–34	war, Ottoman Empire, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Wikidata
event	war	1654	Russo-Polish War	war, Crimean Khanate, Tsardom of Russia, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Cossack Hetmanate	Wikidata
event	war	1655	Deluge	war, Habsburg monarchy, Denmark–Norway, Wallachia, Grand Duchy of Lithuania, Crimean Khanate, Brandenburg-Prussia, Kingdom of Hungary, Tsardom of Russia, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Dutch Republic, Swedish Empire, Principality of Moldavia, Principality of Transylvania, Cossack Hetmanate	Wikidata
event	war	1655	Second Northern War	Sweden, war, Denmark–Norway, Margraviate of Brandenburg, Habsburg monarchy, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Dutch Republic, Tsardom of Russia, Principality of Transylvania	Wikidata
event	war	1657	Unknown	war, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Principality of Transylvania, Zaporozhian Cossacks	Wikidata
event	war	1672	Polish–Ottoman War of 1672–1676	war, Ottoman Empire, Crimean Khanate, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Wallachia, Cossack Hetmanate, Principality of Moldavia	Wikidata
event	war	1683	Great Turkish War	war, Republic of Venice, Holy Roman Empire, Ottoman Empire, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Habsburg monarchy, Bulgarians, Serbs, Tsardom of Russia, Albanians, Greeks, Duchy of Mantua, Prince-Bishopric of Montenegro	Wikidata
event	war	1684	Moldavian campaign (1684–1691)	war, Ottoman Empire, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Wikidata
event	war	1700	Great Northern War	war, Ottoman Empire, Kingdom of Prussia, Denmark–Norway, Dutch Republic, Crimean Khanate, Electorate of Saxony, Kingdom of Great Britain, Wallachia, Cossack Hetmanate, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Tsardom of Russia, Swedish Empire, Province of Hanover, Kalmyk Khanate, Principality of Moldavia, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp	Wikidata
event	war	1792	Polish–Russian War of 1792	war, Russian Empire, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Targowica Confederation	Wikidata
commons	image		A map of Europe c. 1761		Commons
commons	image		Wyjazd na polowanie z sokolem		Commons
commons	image		AGAD Uniwersał połaniecki - druk		Commons
commons	image		Map of the provinces (voivodeships) of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth		Commons
commons	image		Brockhaus and Efron Jewish Encyclopedia e5 191-1		Commons
commons	image		Brockhaus and Efron Jewish Encyclopedia e5 199-0		Commons
commons	image		Brockhaus and Efron Jewish Encyclopedia e5 191-2		Commons
commons	image		Brockhaus and Efron Jewish Encyclopedia e5 198-0		Commons
commons	image		Seal of Ivan Dmitrievich Shuisky Sponges		Commons
commons	image		Dzhigit mini		Commons