The Gettysburg campaign was a military invasion of Pennsylvania by the main Confederate army under General Robert E. Lee in summer 1863. It was the first time during the war the Confederate Army attempted a full-scale invasion of a free state. The Union won a decisive victory at Gettysburg, July 1–3, with heavy casualties on both sides. Lee managed to escape back to Virginia with most of his army. It was a turning point in the American Civil War, with Lee increasingly pushed back toward Richmond until his surrender in April 1865. The Union Army of the Potomac was commanded by Maj. Gen. Joseph Hooker and then by Maj. Gen. George Meade.
Pennsylvania, Gettysburg. A Sharpshooter's Last Sleep - NARA - 533314
Pennsylvania, Gettysburg. A Harvest of Death - NARA - 533310
Rebel sharpshooter, Gettysburg. July 5, 1863. (On Nov. 19, same year, the photographer again visited this spot and... - NARA - 530476
During the battle, special artists sketched action scenes for publication in illustrated newspapers that reached a wide audience. Alfred Waud, shown here, was one of the best and drew the next two (9160157128)
Brunswick, Meade's pursuit after Gettysburg
Gettysburg, Pa. Alfred R. Waud, artist of Harper's Weekly, sketching on battlefield LOC cph.3a04462.
Alfred Waud by Timothy H. O'Sullivan
The boys of '61; or, Four years of fighting. Personal observation with the army and navy, from the first battle of Bull run to the fall of Richmond (1884) (14589509400)
Abraham Lincoln and the battles of the Civil War (1887) (14576246518)
In the hands of the enemy after Gettysburg LCCN2004666433