Umayyad Caliphate
From Warlike
The Umayyad Caliphate or Umayyad Empire was the second caliphate established after the death of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and was ruled by the Umayyad dynasty from 661 to 750. It succeeded the Rashidun Caliphate, of which the third caliph, Uthman ibn Affan, was also a member of the Umayyad clan. The Umayyad family established a dynasty with hereditary rule under Mu'awiya ibn Abi Sufyan, the long-time governor of Greater Syria, who became caliph after the end of the First Fitna in 661. After Mu'awiya's death in 680, conflicts over the succession resulted in the Second Fitna, and power was eventually claimed by Marwan ibn al-Hakam, who came from another branch of the clan. Syria remained the Umayyads' core power base thereafter, with Damascus as their capital.
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- Tārīkh al-dawlah al-Umawīyah - Book by Muḥammad Suhayl Ṭaqqūsh, Arabic, 1996, online
- Athar al-shiʻr fī tadwīn al-aḥdāth al-tārīkhīyah fī al-ʻAṣr al-Umawī - , Q13955, 2007, online
- Athar al-shiʻr fī tadwīn al-aḥdāth al-tārīkhīyah fī al-ʻAṣr al-Umawī - , Q13955, 2007
- The New International Encyclopædia/Ommiads - , 1982
- A New Umayyad Palace at the Citadel of Amman - article published in 1982, Q1860, 1970
- History of the Caliphs - book by Al-Suyuti, Arabic, 1996
- tārīẖ al-ʿṣr al-ʾamwy al-sīāsī wālḥḍārī - , Arabic, 2014
- The Umayyad Pottery of Palestine - , 2015
- The Umayyad baths at Amman Citadel and Hammam al-Sarah - scholarly article published in June 2015, 1990
- aẖbār al-mṣlūbīn ūqṣṣ al-mʿḏbīn fī al-ʿṣīrīn al-ʾamwy wālʿbāsī - book by ʻAbd al-Amīr Muhannā and Ḥusayn Murtada, Arabic, 1991
- Al-fqhāʾ wālẖlāfẗ fī al-ʿṣr al-ʾamwy - , Arabic, 2014
- History program for Italian junior high school - type of national curriculum in Italian junior high school, 1881
- El agua en la Córdoba andalusí. Los sistemas hidráulicos de un sector del Yanib al-Garbi durante el Califato Omeya - article published in 2014, 1600
- History of the Caliphs - book by Al-Suyuti, Arabic
- History of the Caliphs - book by Al-Suyuti, Arabic
| Type | Subtype | Date | Description | Notes | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| event | armed conflict | 627 | Khazar campaigns in Georgia | Abbasid Caliphate, military campaign, Khazar Khaganate, Umayyad Caliphate | Wikidata |
| event | armed conflict | 658 | Mu'awiya I's Southern Campaigns | military campaign, Umayyad Caliphate, Rashidun Caliphate | Wikidata |
| event | armed conflict | 663 | Battle of Siponto | Kingdom of the Lombards, battle, Umayyad Caliphate | Wikidata |
| event | armed conflict | 674 | Siege of Constantinople | Byzantine Empire, Umayyad Caliphate, siege | Wikidata |
| event | armed conflict | 682 | Battle of Vescera | Kingdom of Altava, Byzantine Empire, battle, Umayyad Caliphate | Wikidata |
| event | armed conflict | 683 | Siege of Mecca | siege, Umayyad Caliphate | Wikidata |
| event | armed conflict | 685 | Uprising of Mukhtar | rebellion, Alids, Zubayrid Caliphate, Umayyad Caliphate | Wikidata |
| event | armed conflict | 686 | Battle of Khazir | Al-Mukhtar, battle, Umayyad Caliphate | Wikidata |
| event | armed conflict | 688 | Battle of Barqa | battle, Umayyad Caliphate, Kingdom of Altava | Wikidata |
| event | armed conflict | 691 | Battle of Maskin | Umayyad Caliphate, Zubayrid Caliphate, battle | Wikidata |
| event | armed conflict | 692 | Battle of Sebastopolis | Byzantine Empire, battle, Umayyad Caliphate | Wikidata |
| event | armed conflict | 698 | Battle of Carthage | Byzantine Empire, battle, Umayyad Caliphate | Wikidata |
| event | armed conflict | 698 | Battle of Meskiana | Berber, battle, Umayyad Caliphate | Wikidata |
| event | armed conflict | 700 | Battle of Tabarka | Berber, battle, Umayyad Caliphate | Wikidata |
| event | armed conflict | 702 | Battle of Vardanakert | battle, Umayyad Caliphate, Ostikanate of Arminiya | Wikidata |
| event | armed conflict | 708 | Battle of Amorium | Byzantine Empire, battle, Umayyad Caliphate | Wikidata |
| event | armed conflict | 709 | Battle of Bukhara | battle, Umayyad Caliphate, Second Turkic Khaganate, Sogdian city-states | Wikidata |
| event | armed conflict | 711 | Battle of Aror | battle, Brahmin dynasty of Sindh, Umayyad Caliphate | Wikidata |
| event | armed conflict | 711 | Siege of Debal | siege, Umayyad Caliphate, Brahmin dynasty of Sindh | Wikidata |
| event | armed conflict | 711 | Siege of Córdoba | siege, Kingdom of Toledo, Umayyad Caliphate | Wikidata |
| event | armed conflict | 711 | Battle of Guadalete | battle, Visigothic Kingdom, Umayyad Caliphate, Umayyad Army | Wikidata |
| event | armed conflict | 711 | Battle of Écija | Visigothic Kingdom, battle, Umayyad Caliphate | Wikidata |
| event | armed conflict | 712 | Battle of Samarkand | battle, Second Turkic Khaganate, Umayyad Caliphate, Sogdian city-states, Ikhshids of Sogdia | Wikidata |
| event | armed conflict | 712 | Conquest of Mérida | siege, Visigoths, Umayyad Caliphate | Wikidata |
| event | armed conflict | 713 | Capture of Málaga | Visigoths, battle, Umayyad Caliphate | Wikidata |
| event | armed conflict | 713 | Battle of Orihuela | Visigothic Kingdom, battle, Umayyad Caliphate | Wikidata |
| event | armed conflict | 717 | Siege of Constantinople | siege, First Bulgarian Empire, Umayyad Army, Umayyad Caliphate, Byzantine Empire, battle | Wikidata |
| event | armed conflict | 718 | Battle of Covadonga | battle, Kingdom of Asturias, Umayyad Caliphate | Wikidata |
| event | armed conflict | 719 | Umayyad invasion of Gaul | Francia, Umayyad Caliphate, invasion, Kingdom of the Lombards, Umayyad Army | Wikidata |
| event | armed conflict | 723 | Battle of Balanjar | Khazar Khaganate, Umayyad Caliphate, battle | Wikidata |
| event | armed conflict | 729 | Battle of Baykand | Umayyad Caliphate, battle | Wikidata |
| event | armed conflict | 730 | Battle of Bajarwan | battle, Khazars, Umayyad Caliphate | Wikidata |
| event | armed conflict | 730 | Umayyad campaign against the Khazars | Khazars, military campaign, Umayyad Caliphate | Wikidata |
| event | armed conflict | 730 | Battle of Marj Ardabil | battle, Khazars, Umayyad Caliphate | Wikidata |
| event | armed conflict | 732 | Battle of Balanjar | Khazars, Umayyad Caliphate, battle | Wikidata |
| event | armed conflict | 732 | Battle of the River Garonne | battle, Duchy of Aquitaine, Umayyad Caliphate | Wikidata |
| event | armed conflict | 732 | Marwan ibn Muhammad's Caucasian campaign | Abkhazians, Khazars, Principality of Iberia, Umayyad Caliphate, military campaign | Wikidata |
| event | armed conflict | 732 | Battle of Tours | Francia, battle, Umayyad Caliphate | Wikidata |
| event | armed conflict | 735 | Umayyad invasion of Georgia | Principality of Iberia, invasion, Umayyad Caliphate | Wikidata |
| event | armed conflict | 736 | Siege of Anakopia | siege, Abasgoi, Umayyad Caliphate | Wikidata |
| event | armed conflict | 737 | Battle of Avignon | Francia, battle, Umayyad Caliphate | Wikidata |
| event | armed conflict | 737 | Battle of Kharistan | battle, Türgesh, Sogdia, Guzgan, Umayyad Caliphate | Wikidata |
| event | armed conflict | 739 | Berber Revolt | rebellion, Berber, Umayyad Caliphate | Wikidata |
| event | armed conflict | 740 | Battle of Akroinon | Byzantine Empire, battle, Umayyad Caliphate | Wikidata |
| event | armed conflict | 740 | Battle of Sebou | Berber, battle, Umayyad Caliphate | Wikidata |
| event | armed conflict | 740 | Battle of the Nobles | Berber, battle, Umayyad Caliphate | Wikidata |
| event | armed conflict | 741 | Battle of Bagdoura | Berber, Umayyad Caliphate, battle | Wikidata |
| event | armed conflict | 741 | Kairouan Offensive | Berber, offensive, Umayyad Caliphate | Wikidata |
| event | armed conflict | 741 | Siege of Gafsa | Berber, siege, Umayyad Caliphate | Wikidata |
| event | armed conflict | 742 | Battle of Córdoba | battle, Berber, Umayyad Caliphate | Wikidata |
| event | armed conflict | 742 | Battle of al-Asnam | battle, Berber, Umayyad Caliphate | Wikidata |
| event | armed conflict | 742 | Battle of al-Qarn | battle, Berber, Umayyad Caliphate | Wikidata |
| event | armed conflict | 746 | Battle of Keramaia | Byzantine Empire, Umayyad Caliphate, naval battle | Wikidata |
| event | armed conflict | 748 | Friday Battle | Abbasids, battle, Umayyad Caliphate | Wikidata |
| event | armed conflict | 749 | Siege of Wasit | Abbasid Caliphate, siege, Umayyad Caliphate | Wikidata |
| event | armed conflict | 750 | Battle of the Zab | Abbasid Caliphate, battle, Umayyad Caliphate | Wikidata |
| event | war | 629 | Arab–Byzantine wars | Aghlabids, Emirate of Crete, Ghassanids, Mardaites, Emirate of Bari, Hamdanid dynasty, Kingdom of Italy, Umayyad Caliphate, Rashidun Caliphate, series of wars, Medieval Armenia, Mirdasid dynasty, Italian city-state, Muslim Sicily, Byzantine Empire, Abbasid Caliphate, Fatimid Caliphate, First Bulgarian Empire | Wikidata |
| event | war | 642 | Arab conquest of Armenia | war, Byzantine Empire, conquest, Khazar Khaganate, Umayyad Caliphate, Rashidun Caliphate, Sasanian Armenia | Wikidata |
| event | war | 642 | Arab–Khazar wars | Abbasid Caliphate, Khazar Khaganate, Umayyad Caliphate, Rashidun Caliphate, series of wars | Wikidata |
| event | war | 647 | Muslim conquest of the Maghreb | war, Byzantine Empire, Berber, conquest, Umayyad Caliphate, Rashidun Caliphate, Kingdom of Altava | Wikidata |
| event | war | 700 | Abd al-Rahman ibn Muhammad ibn al-Ash'ath's revolt | war, revolution, Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan, rebellion, Al-Hajjaj ibn Yusuf, Umayyad Caliphate, Abd al-Rahman ibn Muhammad ibn al-Ash'ath | Wikidata |
| event | war | 711 | Umayyad conquest of Hispania | war, Umayyad Caliphate, invasion, conquest, Kingdom of Toledo, Umayyad Army | Wikidata |
| event | war | 732 | Reconquista | Kingdom of Valencia, Kingdom of Castile, taifa, Kingdom of Asturias, Kingdom of Portugal, Almoravid dynasty, Caliphate of Córdoba, Kingdom of Leon, Emirate of Granada, Crown of Aragon, Kingdom of Aragon, Almohad Caliphate, Catalan counties, emirate of Córdoba, Spanish march, Marinid dynasty, Banu Qasi, Kingdom of Navarre, annexation, religious military order, Kingdom of Galicia, Lordship of Albarracin, Wilayah of Al-Andalus, religious war, Umayyad Caliphate | Wikidata |
| commons | image | Рисунок № 8 к статье «История военного искусства». ВЭС (СПб, 1911-1915) | Commons | ||
| commons | image | Khan Hathrura Milestone by order of Caliph Abd al-Malik | Commons | ||
| commons | image | The Bani Umayya (Umaiad) Dynasty, 661-750 | Commons | ||
| commons | image | خلافة عبد الملك بن مروان وابن الزبير | Commons | ||
| commons | image | فتوحات خراسان وما وراء النهر في عهد عبد الملك بن مروان | Commons | ||
| commons | image | خريطة الدول الإسلامية في العصرين الأموي والعباسي | Commons | ||
| commons | image | دروب وطرق التجارة الإسلامية 2 | Commons | ||
| commons | image | This picture shows the Dome of the Muslim Treasure in the Umayyad Mosque during the Umayyad Caliphate in a wonderful appearance | Commons | ||
| commons | image | Umayyad dinar, late 7th cent., Syria, possibly Damascus; Museum of Islamic Art, Doha, Qata (3) | Commons | ||
| commons | image | Umayyad Copper alloy fals, Harran, 694-697 CE Obverse and reverse | Commons | ||









